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Disassembly:

void S.a.run()
registers: 4, inputs: 1, outputs: 2
------------------------------------------------------------
inst#  offset  instruction         arguments
------------------------------------------------------------
    0:   0x00: Iget                v0, v3, LS/a;a:I
    1:   0x02: PackedSwitch        v0, 0x58 (+86)
    2:   0x05: IgetObject          v0, v3, LS/a;b:Landroid/content/Context;
    3:   0x07: SgetObject          v1, LU/a;e:Ljava/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReference;
    4:   0x09: InvokeStatic        { v0 } LV/h;c(Landroid/content/Context;)LV/h;
    5:   0x0c: MoveResultObject    v0
    6:   0x0d: MonitorEnter        v0
    7:   0x0e: Const4              v1, 0x1 (1)
    8:   0x0f: IputBoolean         v1, v0, LV/h;f:Z
    9:   0x11: InvokeVirtual       { v0 } LV/h;b()V
   10:   0x14: MonitorExit         v0
   11:   0x15: Goto                0x20 (+11)
   12:   0x16: MoveException       v1
   13:   0x17: MonitorExit         v0
   14:   0x18: Throw               v1
   15:   0x19: ConstString         v0, "SplitCompat"
   16:   0x1b: ConstString         v1, "Failed to set broadcast receiver to always on."
   17:   0x1d: InvokeStatic        { v0 v1 } Landroid/util/Log;e(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)I
   18:   0x20: ReturnVoid          
   19:   0x21: IgetObject          v0, v3, LS/a;b:Landroid/content/Context;
   20:   0x23: ConstString         v1, "window"
   21:   0x25: InvokeVirtual       { v0 v1 } Landroid/content/Context;getSystemService(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/Object;
   22:   0x28: MoveResultObject    v0
   23:   0x29: CheckCast           v0, Landroid/view/WindowManager;
   24:   0x2b: Sget                v1, Landroid/os/Build$VERSION;SDK_INT:I
   25:   0x2d: Const16             v2, 0x001e (30)
   26:   0x2f: IfLt                v1, v2, 0x48 (+25)
   27:   0x31: InvokeInterface     { v0 } Landroid/view/WindowManager;getCurrentWindowMetrics()Landroid/view/WindowMetrics;
   28:   0x34: MoveResultObject    v1
   29:   0x35: InvokeVirtual       { v1 } Landroid/view/WindowMetrics;getBounds()Landroid/graphics/Rect;
   30:   0x38: MoveResultObject    v1
   31:   0x39: InvokeVirtual       { v1 } Landroid/graphics/Rect;width()I
   32:   0x3c: InvokeInterface     { v0 } Landroid/view/WindowManager;getCurrentWindowMetrics()Landroid/view/WindowMetrics;
   33:   0x3f: MoveResultObject    v0
   34:   0x40: InvokeVirtual       { v0 } Landroid/view/WindowMetrics;getBounds()Landroid/graphics/Rect;
   35:   0x43: MoveResultObject    v0
   36:   0x44: InvokeVirtual       { v0 } Landroid/graphics/Rect;height()I
   37:   0x47: Goto                0x56 (+15)
   38:   0x48: InvokeInterface     { v0 } Landroid/view/WindowManager;getDefaultDisplay()Landroid/view/Display;
   39:   0x4b: MoveResultObject    v1
   40:   0x4c: InvokeVirtual       { v1 } Landroid/view/Display;getWidth()I
   41:   0x4f: InvokeInterface     { v0 } Landroid/view/WindowManager;getDefaultDisplay()Landroid/view/Display;
   42:   0x52: MoveResultObject    v0
   43:   0x53: InvokeVirtual       { v0 } Landroid/view/Display;getHeight()I
   44:   0x56: ReturnVoid          
   45:   0x57: Nop                 
   46:   0x58: Nop                 [PackedSwitchPayload]
          0 -> 0x21

PcBasedDebugInfo (params: 0, max-pc: 0x9f)
Tries (numbers are offsets)
  [0x09 .. 0x0e[ -> 0
  [0x0f .. 0x14[ -> 1
  [0x14 .. 0x19[ -> 0
Handlers (numbers are offsets)
  0: [
       java.lang.SecurityException -> 0x19
     ]
  1: [
       default -> 0x16
     ]

Looks like the Android 5 verifier may be expecting the MoveException instruction to be covered by a catch-all handler.

main branch 709e456 seems resolve this issue, but if I cherry-pick this commit into 8.5 and demo shows

Caused by: com.android.tools.r8.errors.CompilationError: Undefined value encountered during compilation. This is typically caused by invalid dex input that uses a register that is not defined on all control-flow paths leading to the use.
        at com.android.tools.r8.ir.conversion.IRBuilder.joinPredecessorsWithIdenticalPhis(IRBuilder.java:2716)
        at com.android.tools.r8.ir.conversion.IRBuilder.build(IRBuilder.java:722)
        at com.android.tools.r8.graph.CfCode.internalBuild(CfCode.java:722)
        at com.android.tools.r8.graph.CfCode.internalBuildPossiblyWithLocals(CfCode.java:636)
        at com.android.tools.r8.graph.CfCode.buildIR(CfCode.java:588)
        at com.android.tools.r8.graph.LazyCfCode.buildIR(LazyCfCode.java:264)
        at com.android.tools.r8.graph.ProgramMethod.buildIR(ProgramMethod.java:43)
        at com.android.tools.r8.shaking.Enqueuer.handleReflectiveBehavior(Enqueuer.java:5188)
        at java.base/java.lang.Iterable.forEach(Iterable.java:75)
        at com.android.tools.r8.shaking.Enqueuer.trace(Enqueuer.java:4744)
        at com.android.tools.r8.shaking.Enqueuer.traceApplication(Enqueuer.java:3896)
        at com.android.tools.r8.R8.runEnqueuer(R8.java:1184)
        at com.android.tools.r8.R8.run(R8.java:394)
        at com.android.tools.r8.R8.run(R8.java:254)
        at com.android.tools.r8.R8.lambda$runForTesting$1(R8.java:245)
        at com.android.tools.r8.utils.ExceptionUtils.withCompilationHandler(ExceptionUtils.java:80)

Hope to see this patch soon in version 8.5

thx, the issue has been fixed after the upgrade.

Thank you for your patience while our engineering team worked to resolve this issue. A fix for this issue is now available in:

• Android Studio Koala Feature Drop | 2024.1.2 Beta 2
• Android Gradle Plugin 8.6.0-beta02

We encourage you to try the latest update.

If you notice further issues or have questions, please file a new bug report.

Thank you for taking the time to submit feedback — we really appreciate it!

The fixes for this issue are now also available in:

• Android Studio Koala | 2024.1.1 Patch 2
• Android Gradle Plugin 8.5.2

We encourage you to try the latest update.

If you notice further issues or have questions, please file a new bug report.