IssueTracker

Build: 3.0 Canary 4, AI-171.4101728, 201706150141,

AI-171.4101728, JRE 1.8.0_112-release-b736x64 JetBrains s.r.o, OS Linux(amd64) v4.4.0-78-generic unknown, screens 1920x1080, 1920x1080

Instrumentation tests cannot be executed on devices with api below Lollipop(21),(mainly for multimodule projects with a lot of dependencies)  There a lot of people facing this issue https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28551989/tests-fail-after-espresso-2-upgrade-failed-instrumentation-run-failed-due-to and there no working advice what to do especially when gradle plugin seriously updated its dsl(compile -> implementation) and old workarounds doesn't help anymore.

Android studio or gradle plugin should at least warn about this issue and propose quick fixes(for example exclude some dependencies from implementation). The source of the problem hidden inside of emulator and it is a black box which returns only java.lang.IllegalAccessError without any information. If it is hard to implement, then some description of problem cause should be written at developer.android.com in testing section.