Component used: Navigation
Version used: 2.8.0-beta02
Devices/Android versions reproduced on: VanillaIceCream(AP31.240426.023.B4) with Predictive back in developer options turned on

With a new project generated from Android Studio, I added android:enableOnBackInvokedCallback="true" and I bumped all dependencies to the latest available, where the relevant ones are:

[versions]
navigation = "2.8.0-beta02"
composeBom = "2024.05.00"

[libraries]
androidx-compose-bom = { group = "androidx.compose", name = "compose-bom", version.ref = "composeBom" }

androidx-navigation-common = { module = "androidx.navigation:navigation-common", version.ref = "navigation" }
androidx-navigation-compose = { module = "androidx.navigation:navigation-compose", version.ref = "navigation" }
androidx-navigation-runtime = { module = "androidx.navigation:navigation-runtime", version.ref = "navigation" }

Then MainActivity looks like this:

class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
  override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
    enableEdgeToEdge()
    setContent {
      App()
    }
  }
}

@Composable
private fun App() {
  val navController = rememberNavController()
  Surface(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize()) {
    NavHost(
      navController,
      "A",
      modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(),
    ) {
      composable("A") {
        LifecycleEffectLog("A")
        Box(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(), contentAlignment = Alignment.Center) {
          Column {
            Text(lifecycleStateAsState().value?.name ?: "A")
            Button({ navController.navigate("B") }) { Text("Go to B") }
          }
        }
      }
      composable("B") {
        LifecycleEffectLog("B")
        Box(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(), contentAlignment = Alignment.Center) {
          Column {
            Text(lifecycleStateAsState().value?.name ?: "B")
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

@Composable
private fun lifecycleStateAsState(): State<Lifecycle.State?> {
  val lifecycleOwner = LocalLifecycleOwner.current
  return produceState<Lifecycle.State?>(null, lifecycleOwner) {
    val observer = LifecycleEventObserver { owner, _ ->
      value = owner.lifecycle.currentState
    }
    lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.addObserver(observer)
    awaitDispose {
      lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.removeObserver(observer)
    }
  }
}

@Composable
private fun LifecycleEffectLog(screen: String) {
  val lifecycleOwner = LocalLifecycleOwner.current
  DisposableEffect(lifecycleOwner) {
    val observer = LifecycleEventObserver { _, e ->
      Log.d("Tag", "[$screen] Event:$e")
    }
    lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.addObserver(observer)
    onDispose {
      lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.removeObserver(observer)
    }
  }
}

And doing this interaction:

Open app
Navigate to screen "B" by clicking the button
Notice that as the navigation settles the state resets to "Resumed"
Then start a predictive back gesture without letting go
The state is now of course on "Started"
Then cancel the predictive back gesture by letting go without swiping enough to actually go back
Then wait for a bit and notice that the lifecycle never exits "Started" and never goes into "Resumed" again

Noticed this bug as I could not longer navigate in my codebase since I got my nav events wrapped in dropUnlessResumed {} which at that point means you're dropping all of those those.